HTTP Request 学习笔记


golang

当我们在浏览器中输入一个地址，或者点击一个链接时，浏览器就会向Web服务 器发送一个Http Request请求，在 Chrome 中可以使用 右键->审查元 素->Network来查看 Http Request，需要在打开此窗口的情况下，刷新页面。另 外还可以在地址栏中输入: chrome://net-internals/来查看 http request。 1576489136034

Request syntax

一个HTTP request由三个基础部分组成：

  • Request line
  • HTTP headers
  • Content 有三种 request headers：
  • General Headers
  • Request Headers
  • Entity Headers

Request Headers和一种包含和一个特定的HTTP Request请求相关的信息，比如 User-Agent。

General Headers中的内容理论上来说可以用在http request和http response中。

Request Methods

There are eight request methods in HTTP/1.1: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD, TRACE, OPTIONS, and CONNECT.

The Get Method

A GET request traditionally contains no content and thus no entity headers.

GET /search?hl=en&q=HTTP&btnG=Google+Search HTTP/1.1 

//request headers
Host: www.google.com 
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Galeon/1.2.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20020326 
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9, 
        text/plain;q=0.8, video/x-mng,image/png,image/jpeg,image/gif;q=0.2, 
        text/css,*/*;q=0.1 
Accept-Language: en 
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, compress;q=0.9 
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1, utf-8;q=0.66, *;q=0.66 

//general headers
Keep-Alive: 300 
Connection: keep-alive

The POST Method

*request line*
POST /search HTTP/1.1

general header

Host: www.google.com 
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Galeon/1.2.5 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20020606 
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9, 
        text/plain;q=0.8,video/x-mng,image/png,image/jpeg,image/gif;q=0.2, 
        text/css,*/*;q=0.1 
Accept-Language: en 
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, compress;q=0.9 
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1, utf-8;q=0.66, *;q=0.66 
Keep-Alive: 300 
Connection: keep-alive

entity header

Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded 
Content-Length: 31

Content

hl=en&q=HTTP&btnG=Google+Search

http://blog.csdn.net/mspinyin/article/details/6141638

使用 golang 的简单Web服务器

只是为了学习的目的，打印出接收的HTTP Request的内容,在浏览器中输入http://localhost:12345/hello 即可。

package main

import (
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"fmt"
	"os"
)

// 只是打印出WebRequest的Header

var G_COUNT = 0
func HelloServer(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
	fmt.Printf("\nReceive %d request\n\n", G_COUNT)
	G_COUNT++
	fmt.Printf("Method: %s\n", req.Method)
	fmt.Printf("URL: %s\n", req.URL)
	fmt.Printf("RequestURI: %s\n", req.RequestURI )
	fmt.Printf("Proto: %s\n", req.Proto)
	fmt.Printf("HOST: %s\n", req.Host) 

	fmt.Printf("\nHttp Request Header:\n\n")

	for k, vs := range req.Header{
		var values string
		for _, v := range vs{
			values += v
			values += " "
		}
		fmt.Printf("%s:%s\n", k, values)
	}
	io.WriteString(w, "hello, world!\n")
}

func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/hello", HelloServer)
	err := http.ListenAndServe(":12345", nil)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("ERR: = %s", err)
		os.Exit(-1)
	}
}